The Effectivity of Captopril, Losartan, and Amlodipine on Hypertension in Rat Model of Gentamicin-induced Renal Failure

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the effectivity of captopril, losartan, and amlodipine on hypertension in rat model of gentamicin-induced renal failure. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats weighing 175-225 g are used. The rats were divided into 5 groups: negative control, positive control, captopril 120 mg/kg bw, losartan 20 mg/kg bw, and amlodipine 10 mg/kg bw group. All groups were induced by gentamicin 80 mg/kg bw for 5 days except negative control group. Furthermore, the test preparation was given for 2 weeks. Results: Serum creatinine was increased in all groups after an induction for 5 days. Renal index control positive, captopril, losartan, and amlodipine group showed significant differences when compared to the negative control group. Profile of renal histology showed cortical damage to the kidneys. Losartan 20 mg/kg bw group could lower systolic blood pressure when it was compared to the positive control group. Cardiac index losartan group showed significant differences when it was compared to the positive control group. Profile cardiac histology showed the least amount of collagen tissue formation which occurred in the losartan group (4.712%). Conclusion: The best antihypertensive therapy was demonstrated by losartan 20 mg/kg bw group for hypertension that caused by renal failure compared to positive control group.